Monday, December 30, 2019

Oral Cancer and Hpv Speech Outline - 1288 Words

INTRODUCTION I. While we are in class today, 6 people will die from oral cancer. Three out of the four are men between the ages of 25 and 55. Before being diagnosed, these individuals probable ate a good diet and exercised regularly. Most did not use tobacco products and seldom drank alcohol. II. Oral cancers have been on the rise over the last decade with the amount of cases doubling in the United States alone. It has catapulted oral cancer from 11th on the overall number of cancer cases to number 5. Smoking and drinking have always been the primary causative agents in oral cancers. III. You may be thinking to yourselves, I don’t drink or smoke so why does this matter to me? That was my thought when my†¦show more content†¦The virus attaches itself to any available warm and moist area and can begin multiplying or lie dormant b. A person can test positive for HPV but be asymptomatic. C. The virus is transmitted through oral or genital sex or even by French kissing. a. The rise in oral cancer cases is being described as a pandemic in young adults (TRANSITION: So what does all this information mean to you and me? III. The rise in the number of cases of oral cancer are being diagnosed in young adults and can are directly related to lifestyle choices. A. Oral sex is the primary means of transmission of the virus a. Teenagers and young adults view oral sex as safe sex b. It is viewed as way to prevent pregnancy and is thought to have a lesser chance of the spread of STD’s B. The number of partners in a lifetime raises your chances of developing oral cancer a. 1-5 partners doubles the chances of contracting oral cancer b. 6-25 partners increases risk 250% c. 26 or more partners increases risk 750% C. The demographic of oral cancer today a. 3 in 4 cases is diagnosed in men between ages 22-55 b. Most have never smoked and do not abuse alcohol. c. They have healthy diets and exercise d. Most are unaware of the dangersShow MoreRelatedSocm Study Guide Essay30404 Words   |  122 PagesTension headaches | Functional (muscle spasm) | Functional (pain) | Benign tumor of the breast that produces mass | Structural (tumor) | Structural (mass) | Exogenous obesity causedby craving for food | Functional (hunger) | Structural (obesity) | Cancer of the esophagusthat prevents eating | Structural (caner) | Functional (inability to eat) | MF-0212 Match a list of the three major forms of organic diseases with the fundamental characteristics of each for of disease. MF-0213 Match the six

Sunday, December 22, 2019

Essay about Alcohol’s Effects on the Brain - 972 Words

Alcohol seems to be a common topic for teenagers in today’s society. Mainly alcohol is consumed by adolescents that are bored or trying to fit into a crowd by attempting to look ‘cool’. Students are aware of the effects but why is nothing being done? There are many consequences that come along with drinking; alcohol negatively affects not only the body, but the brain. Alcohol is officially defined as ‘a colorless volatile flammable liquid, C2H5OH, synthesizes or obtained by fermentation of sugars and starches and widely used as a solvent and in drugs’ according to thefreedictionary.com, but it is much more than that. The human brain does not stop growing until the person is in their late 20’s. Because the brain is still developing rapidly†¦show more content†¦Now, obviously these two groups have a big gap in between them, but both types of drinkers are still affected by alcohol consumption. Neuroimaging has helped scientists study the structure and functions of the brain (Squeglia 1). Blobs of gray matter in the brain and connections for communication between the lobes, and white matter connect the gray matter. Sometimes, when alcohol is in the brain, white matter quality cannot reach the full density resulting in an abnormality. Reduction of gray matter also occurs and the unwanted connections are demolished between t he prefrontal and temporal lobes because of alcohol usage (Paturel 1). The blood flow of the brain is below average and can cause significant damage to tissues in the brain. The flow of the blood cannot efficiently reach the brain and brain functions are altered. Light and heavy drinkers suffer from poor spatial working memory. Alcohol can also affect the verbal part of the brain and there can be poor verbal learning and processing (Mattson 2). A study compared adolescents that drink with adolescents that do not drink and found that the adolescents that drank remembered 10% less information than the kids that did not drink. These findings have been consistent over the years (Squeglia 3). Over a time span of drinking, significant changes are happening in the brain but cannot be seen. The hippocampus is one of the most vulnerable parts of theShow MoreRelatedAlcohol is the Cause of too many Deaths638 Words   |  3 Pagesbody, dissolving in every tissue. The effects of alcohol are fe lt by a person once it is absorbed in the tissues (Walker 56-57). Alcohol affects the connections in our brain and can cause long-lasting damage. Neurotransmitters carry messages between neurons to the brain, which controls your bodys responses, feelings, and mood. Alcohol slows down the pace of neurotransmitters to the brain, causing one to feel drowsy (â€Å"Beyond Hangovers: Understanding Alcohols Impact Your Health† 4-6). Alcohol-relatedRead Moreazael Luevano806 Words   |  3 Pagesalcohol from getting stronger. We all know someone or something that has ever used alcohol either to; have fun,drown the sorrows of the day, or just to fit in. Every body will encounter alcohol one point or another so might as well know what the effects of drinking are. All people drink; women,men,teens,and elders. The point is that alcohol is everywhere and i mean everywhere. It is published by everyone and everything. It gets published from billboards to commercials,tv shows, and celebrities .Read More Alcohol and its Effects Essay1133 Words   |  5 PagesAlcohol and its Effects Does the brain control all forms of behavior? Is everything we do, say, think and feel a direct output from nothing but the brain? Is it justifiable to think of the brain as interconnected box within box with inputs and outputs? The focus of this paper is on the input alcohol and how the processes generate a certain type of behavior output. This focus of alcohol input and behavior output will demonstrate that indeed brain is and does equal all forms of behavior. WhenRead MoreEssay on Teenage Drinking In America920 Words   |  4 Pagesfrom some of the evils that lurk in the world. A subject that needs special attention is the abuse of alcohol by teens. Statistics show that there is a problem currently between teens and alcohol. There are many causes of teenage drinking and effects that prove that drinking is an important issue that needs to be dealt with to preserve American teenagers. Teenage drinking will become worse of a problem if it continues unchecked on its current path to destruction. Alcohol abuse among teenagersRead MoreThe Effects Of Alcohol On The Adolescent Brain1585 Words   |  7 Pagesobtained current information, where there were scarce secondary sources which explored the effects of alcohol on the adolescent brain. This process was highly beneficial because it increased the reliability of my research and substantiated emerging Key Finding 1 – that adolescent neuroplasticity increases their susceptibility to a lcohol related mental illness. For example, Fiona Griffith stated that â€Å"the brain is going through a major upgrade in adolescence† though â€Å"alcohol consumption can impact theRead MoreThe Alteration of Human Abilities by Alcohol882 Words   |  4 Pagesreaction times, blurred vision, and impaired memory. Some of these symptoms quickly diminish when drinking stops. Alternatively, a person who drinks heavily over a long period of time may have brain insufficiencies that carry on well after he or she reaches sobriety. Heavy drinking may have extensive effects on the brain, long-lasting and devastating conditions that require lifetime care; even modest drinking leads to short–term impairment, as shown by extensive research on the impact drinking has on drivingRead MoreThe Effects of Lowering the Drinking Age to 181126 Words   |  5 Pageshigh school and college, would drink during the week which could cause problems with education and crimes related to alcohol would be more likely to increase. Also alcohol consumed at a younger age can cause brain damage if consumed in large amounts. With both positive and negative effects coming from a change, should the law be changed? While most high school and college age students would be for lowering the drinking age, do they realize how much of a challenge that responsibility really isRead MoreEssay about Fetal Alcohol Syndrome1366 Words   |  6 Pages Many women that become pregnant are unaware of the consequences of drinking alcohol during pregnancy and the damaging effects it has on the fetus. When a woman who is pregnant drinks alcohol, the baby is also drinking alcohol. Furthermore, the amount of alcohol that is consumed by the mother is the same amount the baby receives through the mothers placenta. Many doctors advise that it is okay for the mother to have an occasional drink, however, some women cannot stop at one drink, and they continueRead MoreLiver Diseases Resulting from Alcohol Essay1429 Words   |  6 Pagesproduces toxins that can be even more dangerous than the alcohol consumed (â€Å"Beyond Hangovers: Understanding Alcohols Impact Your Health† 13). â€Å"These by-products dam age liver cells, promote inflammation, and weaken the body’s natural defenses. Eventually, these problems can disrupt the body’s metabolism and impair the function of other organs† (â€Å"Beyond Hangovers: Understanding Alcohols Impact Your Health† 13). A condition called steatosis is the result of fat build up in the liver and is theRead MoreEffects Of Alcohol On The Body1910 Words   |  8 Pagesalcohol affects the brain, heart, liver, pancreas, and the immune system. The fastest impact of being intoxicated is on the central nervous system. The central nervous system is made up of two main parts: the brain and the spinal cord. The brain is the most important part of the body, and is essential for everyday use. When under the influence, the body experiences symptoms such as slurred speech, blurred vision, slow reaction times, impaired memory, and dizziness (â€Å"Alcohol’s Effects on the Body†).

Friday, December 13, 2019

The Lottery Free Essays

The title of the story suggests a positive outcome. But upon reading the first couple of paragraphs, we see that a different plot is coming together. Outline 1. We will write a custom essay sample on The Lottery or any similar topic only for you Order Now Many people gathered. a. Three hundred people b. Small town. 2. Children a. Gathering Stones b. Summertime c. Talked of school and teachers 3. Adults gathering a. Men began to show up b. Women then came, stood by husbands 4. Black box a. What was it for? b. Why were slips of paper in the box? 5. Past Lotteries’ a. What were the Lotteries’ for? b. Lots of talk on how the Lotteries’ were in the past. 6. Mr. Summers a. Official over the Lottery b. Also the Postmaster 7. Drawing of the slips of paper a. Whispers through the crowd. b. No one wants it to be him or her. c. Claims of no fairness 8. Black dot on paper a. What does dot symbolize? b. What is the dot for? 9. Stoning of the person a. Why do they stone the person with the black dot? b. What is the purpose of this ritual? The Rocking Horse Winner As little boy overwhelmed with the financial situation within his family, turns to his rocking horse to get the winners of the horse races in the local town for luck. Outline 1. Mother a. No love for children b. No luck c. Seen as a great mother 2. Home a. Anxiety in the home b. Screamed out need more money 3. Paul a. Wondered why there was no luck? b. Asked mother about luck c. Searched for clues about luck himself d, Why did he die? What did he die from? 4. Bassett a. Who is Bassett? b. Friend, cousin, imaginary. 5. Uncle Oscar a. Genuine or deceitful b. Why is he interested in Paul’s comments? 6. Rocking Horse a. What was special about the rocking horse? b. Did it have magic powers? c. Did Paul have a disability that allowed him to think differently? d. How did Paul get the names of the Horses that would win from his rocking horse? How to cite The Lottery, Essay examples The Lottery Free Essays Lisa Marie Shade Prof. Dunn ENG 102-110 August 9, 2012 The Plot Thickens- In Shirley Jackson’s â€Å"The Lottery†. A good harvest has always been vital to civilizations. We will write a custom essay sample on The Lottery or any similar topic only for you Order Now After the fields have been prepared and the seeds sown, the farmer can only wait and hope that the proper balance of rain and sun will ensure a good harvest. From this hope springs ritual. Many ancient cultures believed that growing crops represented the life cycle, beginning with what one associates with the end–death. Seeds buried, apparently without hope of germination, represent death. But with the life forces of water and the sun, the seed grows, representing rebirth. Consequently, ancient peoples began sacrificial rituals to emulate this resurrection cycle. What began as a vegetation ritual developed into a cathartic cleansing of an entire tribe or village. By transferring one’s sins to persons or animals and then sacrificing them, people believed that their sins would be eliminated, a process that has been termed the â€Å"scapegoat† archetype. In her short story â€Å"The Lottery,† Shirley Jackson uses this archetype to build on man’s inherent need for such ritual. To visit upon the scapegoat the cruelties, that most of us seem to have dammed up within us and explores â€Å"the general psychological basis for such cruelty, showing how we tend to ignore misfortunes unless we ourselves are their victims. The Lottery’s [sic. ] then, deals indeed with live issues and with issues relevant to our time. Jackson’s realism makes the final terror and shock more effective and also reinforces our sense of the awful doubleness of the human spirit—a doubleness that expresses itself in the blended good neighborliness and cruelty of the community’s action. Evans, 112) Jackson weaves seasonal and life-death cycle archetypes, which coincide with vegetation rituals, into the story. The lottery takes place every year when the nature cycle peaks in midsummer, a time usually associated with cheerfulness. The villagers of a small town gather together in the square on June 27, a beautiful day, for the town lottery. In other towns, the lott ery takes longer, but there are only 300 people in this village, so the lottery takes only two hours. Village children, who have just finished school for the summer, run around collecting stones. They put the stones in their pockets and make a pile in the square. Men gather next, followed by the women. Parents call their children over, and families stand together. Mr. Summers, a jovial man, who conducts the lottery ceremony, sets the tone of the event with both his name and his mannerisms. But lurking behind him, Mr. Graves quietly assists, his name hinting at a dark undertone. The picnic type atmosphere betrays the serious consequence of the lottery, for like the seed, a sacrificial person must also be buried to bring forth life. Jackson creates balance by assembling Mr. Summers and Mr. Graves to share in the responsibilities of the ritual: Life brings death, and death recycles life. At one point in the village’s history, the lottery represented a grave experience, and all who participated understood the profound meaning of the tradition. But as time passed, the villagers began to take the ritual lightly. They endure it almost as automatons–â€Å"actors† anxious to return to their mundane, workaday lives. Old Man Warner, the only one who seems to recall the seriousness of the occasion, complains that Mr. Summers jokes with everybody. But, even if one does not understand the meaning, the experience provides the individual a place and a meaning in the life of the generations. Because there has â€Å"always been a lottery† (Jackson 216), the villagers feel compelled to continue this horrifying tradition. They do focus, however, on its gruesome rather than its symbolic nature for they still remembered to use stones even after they have forgotten the ritual and lost the original black box (Jackson 218). The reader may conclude that humanity’s inclination toward violence overshadows society’s need for civilized traditions. Mr. Summers asks whether anyone is absent, and the crowd responds that Dunbar isn’t there. Mr. Summers asks who will draw for Dunbar, and Mrs. Dunbar says she will because she doesn’t have a son who’s old enough to do it for her. Mr. Summers asks whether the Watson boy will draw, and he answers that he will. Mr. Summers then asks to make sure that Old Man Warner is there too. Mr. Summers reminds everyone about the lottery’s rules: he’ll read names, and the family heads come up and draw a slip of paper. No one should look at the paper until everyone has drawn. He calls all the names, greeting each person as they come up to draw a paper. Mr. Adams tells Old Man Warner that people in the north village might stop the lottery; he says that giving up the lottery could lead to a return to living in caves. Mrs. Adams says the lottery has already been given up in other villages, and Old Man Warner says that’s â€Å"nothing but trouble. † (Jackson, 216). The shock value of the long process and all the moments’ one character or another could have realized the nonsense of the ritual and spoke up. When Mr. Summers finishes calling names, and everyone opens his or her papers. Word quickly gets around that Bill Hutchinson has â€Å"got it. Tessie argues that it wasn’t fair because Bill didn’t have enough time to select a paper. Mr. Summers asks whether there are any other households in the Hutchinson family, and Bill says no, because his married daughter draws with her husband’s family. Mr. Summers asks how many kids Bill has, and he answers that he has three. Tess’s eagerness to see the lottery through is only paralleled by her desperation to get out of it once it turns out to be her turn. She goes so far as to try to substitute her daughter and son-in-law for herself, yelling, â€Å"There’s Don and Eva†¦ Make them take their chance! Her extreme moral compromise, as she tries to offer up her daughter for the slaughter instead of herself, underlines that this ritual has nothing to do with virtuous martyrdom; Tess is no saint. Her murder is exactly that: a vicious, group killing of a frightened, antiheroic woman. Tessie protests again that the lottery wasn’t fair. Mr. Graves dumps the papers out of the box onto the ground and then puts five papers in for the Hutchinsons. As Mr. Summers calls their names, each member of the family comes up and draws a paper. When they open their slips, they find that Tessie has drawn the paper with the black dot on it. Mr. Summers instructs everyone to hurry up. The villagers grab stones and run toward Tessie, who stands in a clearing in the middle of the crowd. Tessie says it’s not fair and is hit in the head with a stone. Everyone begins throwing stones at her, as even her own children. â€Å"Tessie may be selfish in her reaction, but her claim that the lottery is not fair may still be true. Whereas the common villagers are described as â€Å"taking† their slips, the businessmen â€Å"select† theirs—a subtle implication that the results have been rigged† (Evans, 112-113) Therefore, the base actions exhibited in groups (such as the stoning of Mrs. Hutchinson) do not take place on the individual level, for here such action would be deemed â€Å"murder. † On the group level people classify their heinous act simply as â€Å"ritual. † When Mrs. Hutchinson arrives at the ceremony late, flustered because she had forgotten that today was the day of the lottery. She chats sociably with Mrs. Delacroix. Nevertheless, after Mrs. Hutchinson falls victim to the lottery selection, Mrs. Delacroix chooses a â€Å"stone so large† that she must pick it up with both hands (Jackson 218). Whereas, on the individual level, the two women regard each other as friends, on the group level, they betray that relationship, satiating the mob mentality. The people of the town are caught up in the ritual to such an extent that they have given up any sense of logic. Mob psychology rules their actions. Though they appear to be sane, sensible individuals, when the time of the lottery comes, they abandon their rational nature and revert to the instincts of the herd. This psychological phenomenon is characteristic of humans throughout history. Although Jackson portrays it in its extreme form in this story, the idea that men and women in groups are willing to forgo personal responsibility and act with great cruelty toward others is evidenced in actions such as lynch mobs, racial confrontations, and similar incidents. â€Å"The willingness of people to act irrationally as members of the herd displays aspects that, while unpleasant, are still integral parts of their nature that they must recognize, if they are to keep them in check. † (Mazzeno) A first-time reader of â€Å"The Lottery† often finds the ending a surprise. The festive nature of the gathering and the camaraderie of the townspeople as the lottery is conducted belie the horror that occurs at the conclusion of the tale, is one of the tale’s strongest points. Another strength, however, is â€Å"the skillful way in which Jackson prepares the careful reader for the denouement by including key details so that, on a second reading, one is assured that there is no trick being played on the reader. † (Mazzeno) In comparison to the heavily symbolic figures of Mr. Graves (Death), Mr. Summers (Progress), or Old Man Warner (Tradition), Tess is resolutely anti-symbolic. She’s a woman in an apron with soapsuds on her hands, who cracks jokes and wants to join in her community – but, it turns out, they don’t want her back. She’s the sacrificial lamb for that year, an outsider that the village then violently excludes. Although civilized people may no longer hold lotteries, Jackson’s story illustrates that society’s tendency toward violence and its tendency to hold onto tradition, yet even meaningless, base tradition, reveal our need for both ritual and belonging. Work Cited Evans, Robert C. â€Å"The Lottery. † Short Fiction: A Critical Companion (1997): 112-119. Literary Reference Center. Web. 6 Aug. 2012. Hall, Joan Wylie. â€Å"Shirley Jackson (1916-1965). † Columbia Companion To The Twentieth- Century American Short Story (2000): 310-314. Literary Reference Center. Web. 6 Aug. 2012. Jackson, Shirley. â€Å"The Lottery†. Drama, and Writing Compact sixth ed. New York: Pearson Longman, 2011. 213-218. Print Mazzeno, Laurence W. â€Å"The Lottery. † Masterplots II: Short Story Series, Revised Edition (2004): 1-2. Literary Reference Center. Web. 6 Aug. 2012. Yarmove, Jay A. â€Å"Jackson’s The Lottery. † Explicator 52. 4 (1994): 242. Literary Reference Center. Web. 6 Aug. 2012. How to cite The Lottery, Papers The lottery Free Essays The Lottery Research Paper Shirley Jackson was a devoted mother and writer. Jackson didn’t fit in well in North Bennington, and the town likely served as the setting for the New England town portrayed in â€Å"The Lottery. † â€Å"The Lottery’ caused outrage and controversy when it appeared in the New Yorker in 1948, but many critics now consider it to be Jackson’s most famous work. We will write a custom essay sample on The lottery or any similar topic only for you Order Now Jackson was sometimes thought to be a witch because of her interested in witchcraft and black magic. Almost all of Jackson’s work is reflects horror, hauntings, witchcraft, or psychological unease. She also struggled with both mental and physical illnesses as an adult. Unlike other writers, she found the writing process pleasurable. â€Å"The Lottery’ starts off in a town on a normal day with children going around and collecting rocks. The men of the households are called forward to a wooden box to draw slips of paper. When one of the men sees that he has the black dot on his slip, his wife immediately starts to argue with how the drawing wasn’t fair. The family is brought to the stage where they are to draw their slips of paper. Tess (Mrs. Hutchinson) draws the paper with the black dot and is taken to the center of the town where the town’s people take their stones that the children collected earlier hat day. As the villagers close in to primarily take Tess’s life, all you can hear are her terrified shrilling screams. Shirley Jackson in her work â€Å"The Lottery’ reveals the corrosive factors that result in our blind acceptance of morally questionable traditions that cause social paralysis. â€Å"The Lottery’ starts off as a normal day in the village â€Å"it was clear and sunny with the fresh warmth of a full-summer day’ Oackson 1). This is ironic because it starts off with this allusion of an enjoyable day but really by the end they end up killing one of their own villagers. Jackson does this to create a less serious atmosphere and reflect he attitudes of the community. Instantly, the boys are collecting rocks used to kill the lottery winner at the end of the story. This is an annual thing that the kids do because they have been raised and taught to do so. Because the kids are gradually and systematically exposed to these series of provoking objects and situations, they have become familiar with their actions making it an annual â€Å"game† for the kids (Linz 1). It has become a â€Å"game† for the kids because in the story it states that, â€Å"they gather together quietly for a while before they broke out into boisterous play’ and that they find the smoothest and roundest rocks to stuff in their pockets. † Because the kids are repeatedly exposed to this violence it diminishes the negative affect that was once upon them. They can no longer see it as wrong or feel remorse. They blindly accept this task thats given to them every year and don’t question it. The constant exposure to violence results in less physiological reactivity to other violent actions going on around them (Linz 1). The killing of the villagers is the violence going on. Collecting stones has become a ritual that they believe is right, because it is what they have been raised to do, even though it is wrong. They are Just kids and haven’t been taught that it is morally wrong to be killing friends and family. An example is at the end of the story when Mrs. Hutchinson’s son was handed a few pebbles to throw at his own mother and didn’t hesitate. When they are repeatedly exposed to violence 2). â€Å"Both beamed and laughed Oackson 6). This shows how they still find Joy in the situation even though they are about to kill a member of their family. The story goes on to talk about the families that are attending this so called lottery. The women are described as â€Å"housewives that gossip† Oackson 1) and aren’t as authoritative as the men. While the boys are all collecting the stones, the women are â€Å"standing aside talking among themselves. † In the story â€Å"the women began to call their children, and the children came reluctantly, having called four or five times. † When their father calls to them â€Å"they came quickly’ Oackson 1). It is as if their mothers hadn’t even said anything. This shows how the men are portrayed as the head of the house and they women more as Just the â€Å"housekeeper. † Their voices are not heard in this part of the story and neither at the end when Mrs. Hutchinson claims that, â€Å"It wasn’t fair† and no one does anything about it but continues with the est of the lottery. Women have been known to rarely work outside the house and live their lives caring for their husbands and children while taking care of their home. Most males are prevailed as the dominant gender. The women are seen on a lower status (Gender Prejudice 1). The lottery seems to be run mostly by the men of the town. They are the ones that are in charge of the black box and most of the ceremony. In the story the women are more resistant to the lottery while the men are the ones in control of it. This results in social paralysis of the town because no one wants to change how the lottery is run or who it’s run by. When its time for the drawing, Mr. Dunbar is unable to draw so because he and his wife don’t have kids the â€Å"Wife draws for the husband† Oackson 3). This all goes back to the role of the men and women in the village. The women are to produce many children so that it gives their family a better chance of surviving if their spouse is chosen in the first round (Oehlschlaeger 1). Men are the ones that go out and prevail in the business world while their wives stay home all day. When Mrs. Hutchinson arrives late she makes the statement that she â€Å"Thought my old man was out back stacking wood† and that she Wouldn’t have me leave m’dishes in the sink Oackson 2),† implying that her husband was doing the hard labor out in the yard while she was inside doing dishes. They mention that most of the ritual has been forgotten over the years. â€Å"The original paraphernalia for the lottery had been lost long ago Oackson 1). It has become a habit that no one wants to stop. The lottery has become a social paralysis over time, not allowing anyone to step up and want to change or stop what the lottery is doing to their village. No one questions why they still do it and no one even really knows why they do it in the first place. It has lost its significance over the years and become a yearly act that no one has tried to stop. They don’t want to make a new box because â€Å"No one wanted to upset even as much tradition as was represented by the black box Oackson 1). Tradition is a belief that has been passes down from generations, Just like in â€Å"The Lottery. † Traditions are passes on to gain that sense of continuity and bonding through each other. They are supposed to create that special connection between the families and in this case the town. That’s not what it does though, No one knows the significants of the lottery anymore and no one questions ither. Old Man Warner says, â€Å"Pack of crazy fools† to the people that want to give up the lottery. They think that breaking this time-honored tradition would result in them (Tradition 1), such as drawing the paper from the box and having the men draw first then the family. Even though â€Å"So much of the ritual had been forgotten or discarded Oackson 2),† they still keep that cultural sense to it. The reverence regularly provided in tradition indicates that people follow it willingly even if they don’t know why. â€Å"The people had done it so many times that they only half listened to the directions. † People follow tradition unconsciously because it’s what they are taught to do. This is their blind acceptance of the lottery and social paralysis of not wanting to change what they have continued to do for numerous years. Traditions are invoked to preserve the sanctity of the past family rituals. Societies keep traditions for social connectedness and memories (Tradition 3). Throughout the story, â€Å"The Lottery,† Shirley Jackson uses harsh examples of how the village blindly accepts their morally questionable traditions resulting in social paralysis. They don’t want to change anything about the lottery even though most of he significance has been lost over the years. There is evidence throughout the story that shows how the people blindly accept what they are doing to their town and do it without question. This all demonstrates how society never changes or grows resulting in the social paralysis of the story. Their is social paralysis going on all around the world. Even in Pakistan there are people refusing to act upon the issue of suicide happening at large rates ( Poverty and Social Paralysis. ) The lottery is Just an example of how some societies refuse to change even though what they are doing needs to or should be stopped. How to cite The lottery, Papers The Lottery Free Essays The Lottery Conformity or Pure Selfishness â€Å"The opposite for courage is not cowardice, it is conformity. Even a dead fish can go with the flow†-Jim Hightower. Have you ever been in a situation to where you know a person or a group is doing something wrong, but you choose not to do anything about it? Have you ever done something wrong for so long that it suddenly became a lifestyle for you? Jackson’s story, â€Å"The Lottery†, when it comes to being in the wrong or not speaking up, reminds me of many situations that I have been in or situations that I have witnessed. We will write a custom essay sample on The Lottery or any similar topic only for you Order Now Jackson tries to create multiple thoughts that could go through the readers’ mind. You could think, maybe this event has been around for so long, that it seems normal to the community. You could also think that everyone knows it’s wrong, but is afraid to speak up. In the beginning of the paragraph, I put in a quote about conformity. The quote is saying conformity is a result of a cowardly act. Going with the flow of society when you know it’s wrong is just as bad as not existing in society. â€Å"The Lottery† to me is a selfish act by the society. The beginning of â€Å"The Lottery†, Jackson starts out the story by explaining the scenery. She explains where the town is gathering and continues to explain what the people are doing for the lottery draw. She draws you in from the beginning because as you’re reading, the story automatically starts out with a setting and the town taking action for the lottery draw. At this point, the readers don’t know what the purpose for the lottery draw is. Jackson comes in on the first page saying, â€Å"They stood together, away from the pile of stones in the corner, and their jokes were quiet and they smiled rather than laughed†(Jackson 1). In the beginning, readers wonder what the stones are for and why they are relevant to the story. I think that is how she really captured the readers, by giving details about the lottery draw and not explaining what it was from the beginning. She gradually leads us to the end of the story when she’s talking about the whole town gathering the stones, and on the very last page, it explains what that the stones are the weapons for the person of the draw. In â€Å"The Lottery†, I couldn’t help to think of the movie â€Å"The Hunger Games†. In the movie â€Å"The Hunger Games†, each district sacrifices a human to fight for their community. They are very similar but very different stories. To me, this story is about the town sacrificing a human every year for the rest of the town to survive. â€Å"Next thing you know, they’ll be wanting to go back to living in caves, nobody work anymore, live that way for a while. Used to be a saying about ‘Lottery in June, corn be heavy soon’†(Jackson 5). The town never realized they were in the wrong and to them; this was a normal thing to do. Having the lottery draw every year was a way for the town to survive. â€Å"The lottery was conducted–as were the square dances, the teen club, the Halloween program†¦Ã¢â‚¬ (Jackson 1). They treated this event as if it were a community tradition. The only one in the story who took a stand was, Mrs. Hutchinson, the one who was chosen from the lottery draw. Jackson makes the people in this town look selfish, in a way. In the beginning of the story, Mrs. Hutchinson was actually late to the lottery draw. She stood there confidently and started to make jokes about the draw. Once her name was called, she shouted that the drawings are not fair and that we shouldn’t even have a lottery anymore. I think that was a big part in the story. That scene in the story made the readers realize that in this town, people are only looking out for themselves. They will not stand up for something that is wrong, or they will not go out of there way to do what is right unless its to save themselves. Years ago, back in my high school days, I was in a situation where I just sat back and watched something happen, when in the beginning I knew it was wrong. It was in the middle of our Homecoming week, and during that week the senior girls and the junior girls have a Powderpuff game. During that entire week, the seniors and juniors pull little pranks on each other, for example; toilet papering their houses and making funny chants to each other. My senior year, the entire group of girls decided to do something really mean to one of the girls in the junior class that they didn’t like. Most of us girls thought this was normal for homecoming weekend, because there have been girls in the past who have done much worse. Our senior girls printed off pictures of this girl and put her face and her body all over the school. At the time, I just stood there and watched in worry. I knew it wasn’t right from the beginning, but I never did anything to stop it because all of my friends were going along it. The townspeople in â€Å"The Lottery† just went along with the stoning like it was okay, even though in their minds, they had a feeling it wasn’t okay. In this situation, I was considered a townsperson. I went along with it, knowing it was wrong. In the end, I think her argument in the story is that she is trying to make us think about our lives now. She wants to know what would we do if this were how society acted now. Would you be a townsperson, or a stone thrower? Would you sacrifice another human to save yourself? â€Å"The Lottery†, for me, was a reminder that I need to stand up for what is right and I shouldn’t just follow the crowd. Jackson, S. (1948, June 26). American literature. Retrieved from http://www. americanliterature. com/author/shirley-jackson/short-story/the-lottery How to cite The Lottery, Papers

Thursday, December 5, 2019

Research and Decision Making for Business

Question: Discuss about the Research and Decision Making for Business. Answer: Introduction The purpose of the research work has been clearly stated in the introduction part of the research work. The introduction is one of the most important parts of the research work, which enable the readers to get the central idea about the research. The authors have talked about the prior limitations of the research works and have stated the purpose clearly that the present research work will mainly look into those limitations to complete the research work. The authors have related the study to the macroeconomic changes in the market. The authors have pointed out that the macroeconomic changes have resulted in the job loss among the labors in the United States. Thus, it can be said that the authors have taken care of all the factors that result in the job loss and can affect the health of the workers who are working in the country. Statement of the problem The statement of the problem is clearly stated in the introduction part of the research work. The limitations of the prior research have been stated well in the introduction part. The limitation that the authors have identified in the prior research works have made the readers aware of the problems of the cross-sectional data and the longitudinal data. The cross sectional data is mainly based on the population of an area or other firms, association or region. On the other hand, longitudinal data is about research, which is based on a certain period. However, the authors have revealed that those longitudinal data cannot be applied for the workers of all the categories in the United States. Thus, the problems of the job insecurity and the problems that have been identified in the previous research works have been stated properly in the research work. Purpose of the study It would have been better if the authors have mentioned the problem statement, the purpose of the study separately. The readers could have easily understood the different sections of the research works and the research work would have been more easier for the readers to understand. Research question The main setback of the research work is that there is neither any clearly stated research questions, research objectives and the aim of the research work. Research questions not only help the readers but also help the researcher to keep track of the questions that need to be answered in the research work. Thus, research questions are an important part of the research work that the authors have overlooked. However, the authors could make use of the hypotheses to keep a check on the flow of the research and the areas that need to be researched to complete the work. Theoretical framework The authors have not used any theoretical framework for the research work. The theoretical framework is necessary for a research work as it present to the readers the entire structure of the literature review and supports the secondary research work of the researchers. If a theoretical framework could be presented in the following research work, then the framework could have been repented in the following manner: Figure 1: Theoretical framework for the research (Source: Created by author) The authors mainly will look into the problems of job insecurity in the United States. However, before proceeding with the research work, they have looked into the prior limitations of other works. The perceived job insecurity and the meanings and measurements of the same is studied. Finally, the effect of the job insecurity has been presented in the research. Literature review The authors have not mentioned separately about the literature review. The authors should have used a different heading, which would have made the research work clearer to the readers. For any research work, it is important to use the references that are not more than five years old. The research works are written in the year, 2009. As a result, the authors should have used references from the year 2004 until the year, 2009. However, the authors have used references that are dated 1994, 1995 and older than these years. Recent data would have made the readers aware of recent works that have been done by the authors. On the other hand, the authors have taken a long period to study the changes in the perceived job insecurity and the health of the workers. As a result, the authors have the literatures that have written ten years ago. However, they could have incorporated equal amount of literature from the history as well as from the present to keep a balance in the literature review of the research work. Methods The authors applied the longitudinal data collection method to write the research work. In addition to this, they have not forgotten to use the cross sectional data collection as they have collected the data from Americans Changing Lives (ACL) and Midlife in the United States (MIDUS). The authors have collected the first set of before the perception of the job security and they have further collected the data by following up with the data collection prices. The authors have taken into consideration a long range of time to collect the data. They have started with three years and have collected the data over a period of ten years. The range has helped the authors to look into the variation that might have happened in the entire range. To get a 3600 idea about the relations between the job security and the health of the workers the authors have taken the help of three hypotheses. The sample size and the types of the participants who took part in the research work are appropriate for the research works. The authors have taken the feedback of the participants who are over 25 years and have taken into consideration the participants who are aged 60 years. The range is appropriate for the study because people get into the jobs in the age of 25 years. The problem of job security and unemployment starts when an individual reached the age group of 25 years. the effect on the health can be seen at the later age. Hence, the 60 years is perfect for the study to get an idea on the effect on health. The data collection instrument like the questionnaire is significant for the present research work. The authors have collected the data by conducting surveys, face-to-face interviews and over sampling. With the help of the questionnaires, the authors have been able to get the exact data needed for the research. They were able to further analyze the data with the help of Stata with the help of the questionnaire. The reliability and the validity of the research have not been mentione d in the research work. However, it can be said that the research is both reliable and valid. It can be said reliable because the authors taken into consideration primary research and hence they have been able to retrieve the real data. It is valid because they have taken into consideration a study that has been done for a long range of period. Thus, the result of the research can be applicable for any kind of data. Analysis The authors have taken into consideration a huge range of data and that has been collected for a long range of time. The authors have used the Stata software version 10.0 SE. The authors have used the ordinary least squares (OLS) to make the multivariate analyses. The quantitative data analysis should be used when the authors are taking into consideration a huge set of data. The close-ended questions have been helpful for the authors to analyze the data and reach the proper conclusion of the research work. The analytical approach of the authors is suitable for the present research design, which is mainly based on the primary research approach by the authors. Results The authors of the research work have presented result section in a well-described manner. The tables that showed the perspectives of the participants have been explained properly. The feedback of the respondents from the different organizations, Americans Changing Lives (ACL) and Midlife in the United States (MIDUS) are mentioned separately in the result sections. The authors are able to show that the variations of the mindsets of the people from the different organizations. However, they are also able to show the similarity among the feedback of the respondents from the different organizations. Discussion As the there are no research questions or theoretical framework presented in the research work, hence there was no linkage in the discussion section of the project. However, the authors have linked the hypotheses that have been considered in the initial stage of the research have been discussed in the discussion part of the research work. In addition to this, the authors of the present research have linked with the findings with the research works that have been done by other authors. The authors have pointed out that the results of the present research work is consistent with the work that have been done by Heaney and other authors with Michigan auto workers in the year 1994 and Ferrie and other authors with British civil servants in the year 2002. Limitations The limitations of the research are not mentioned separately and are mentioned in the discussion section of the research work. Limitations are a part of the research work so that the future authors are able to get an idea about the areas that not have been covered in the present research.. However, the authors have pointed out that the exact health status of the workers of all the areas could not be covered in the present research work, which is the main limitation of the research work. The result of the research can be entirely different if the authors have taken into consideration other factors to carry out the work. In addition to this, they have taken into consideration certain age group to do the research work. The result of the research can be completely different if any other age group is taken into account to complete the research work. Conclusion The authors have recommend that the present situation of the lives of the workers could be made better once the demographic conditions are changed. In addition to this, the change in the characteristic of the job could help in lessening the job security of the workers in the United States. Here also the authors have not made any separate heading for the recommendations. It would have been better if the parts of the research were mentioned separately rather than mentioning them under one heading. The researchers have found it easier to relate to the perspectives of the researchers of the study.